Computer Assistant Gr II — 2022 — Provisional Answer Key — Kerala PSC PYQ Practice with Answers

Correct answer (Option D):\n\nWhy the correct answer is right:\nVaghbhatananda, one of the prominent social reformers of Kerala, founded the Atmavidya Sangham in 1917. His spiritual philosophy was rooted in pure Advaita Vedanta but focused on practical social reform, emphasizing the equality of all human beings and rejecting idol worship, rituals, and caste-based discrimination. He propagated his ideas under the ideology of Atmavidya.\n\nWhy others are wrong:\n- Option A: Brahmavidya refers to the knowledge of Brahman and is tied generically to the Upanishads or specific ashrams like Shivagiri (Brahmavidya Mandiram founded by Sree Narayana Guru), not specifically Vaghbhatananda.\n- Option B and Option C: Yogavidya and Hatayoga refer to traditional physical and mental paths of physical yoga practices rather than his core philosophical reformist Advaita movement.\n\nRemember:\nAtmavidya Sangham's motto was 'Awake, remember the creator of all, stand against injustice'. It was established in Alathur, Kerala.

Correct answer (Option B):\n\nWhy the correct answer is right:\nVakkom Abdul Khader Moulavi published the journal 'Al-Islam' in the year 1906 written in the Arabi-Malayalam script (Malayalam language spoken by Mappila Muslims written using a modified Arabic alphabet). It aimed to foster modern education, eliminate un-Islamic practices, and promote religious and social reformation among the Muslim community.\n\nWhy others are wrong:\n- Option A: Pure Arabic was not universally read or spoken fluently enough by the common Kerala Muslim population to be used for mass social reform.\n- Option C: Though he published newspapers like Swadeshabhimani in Malayalam, Al-Islam specifically utilized Arabi-Malayalam script.\n- Option D: English was primarily used for elite administrative interaction rather than local religious reform journals in 1906.\n\nRemember:\nVakkom Abdul Khader Moulavi is revered as the father of Islamic Renaissance in Kerala. He also published journals titled 'The Muslim' (1906) and 'Deepika' (1920).

Correct answer (Option B):\n\nWhy the correct answer is right:\nPampadi John Joseph founded the Cheramar Mahajana Sabha inside the Travancore region in 1916 and served as its founder General Secretary. He dedicated his entire life to uplifting the socially marginalized Dalit communities (specifically the Cheramars) by fighting for political representation, social dignity, and educational entry.\n\nWhy others are wrong:\n- Option A: Poykayil Appachan (Kumara Guru) was the founder of the Prathyaksha Raksha Daiva Sabha (PRDS) in 1909, focusing on a distinct socio-religious framework.\n- Option C: P.K. Chothi was a prominent social reformer nominated to the Sree Moolam Popular Assembly representing backward communities but was not the founder secretary of this specific organization.\n- Option D: Jnana Joshwa was another early community leader from southern Travancore but did not occupy the founder secretary post of the Cheramar Mahajana Sabha.\n\nRemember:\nPampadi John Joseph also published an influential magazine called 'Cherama Doothan' to awaken his community against social evils.

Correct answer (Option D):\n\nWhy the correct answer is right:\n'Jathikummi' is a masterpiece written by Pandit K.P. Karuppan in 1912. It is a powerful literary critique written in a popular traditional folk song format (Kummi) that vehemently slammed the absurdities of the caste system, untouchability, and social inequality prevailing in Kerala society.\n\nWhy others are wrong:\n- Option A: Kumaran Asan wrote legendary reformist poems like Duravastha, Chandalabhikshuki, and Karuna, but did not write Jathikummi.\n- Option B: Vagbhadananda was a socio-religious orator and philosopher who used essays and journals to fight rituals rather than composing Jathikummi.\n- Option C: Sahodaran Ayyappan pioneered the 'Misrabhojan' (inter-dining movement) and wrote rationalist poems, but not this specific piece.\n\nRemember:\nPandit K.P. Karuppan is widely known as the 'Lincoln of Kerala' for his relentless activism for the rights of depressed classes, especially fishermen communities.

Correct answer (Option A):\n\nWhy the correct answer is right:\nDr. Ayyathan Gopalan was the chief champion and foundational leader of the Brahmo Samaj movement in the Malabar region (Calicut), establishing its branch in 1898. He worked extensively toward modern rationalist ideals, education for marginalized girl students, and directly challenged deeply entrenched untouchability systems.\n\nWhy others are wrong:\n- Option B: C. Krishnan was a prominent social reformer and manager of the Mitavadi newspaper who advocated Buddhism, not the primary builder of the Brahmo Samaj.\n- Option C: Sahodaran Ayyappan focused his structural activities within Cochin/Travancore and spearheaded the Sahodara Sangham instead.\n- Option D: Vayaleri Kunhikannan was the birth name of Vagbhadananda, who launched the independent Atmavidya Sangham framework.\n\nRemember:\nDr. Ayyathan Gopalan founded the Sugunavardhini Sabha in 1900 to protect the socio-cultural rights of children and weak classes, and he translated Brahmo Dharma Granite into Malayalam.