Auxiliary Nurse Midwife (NCA- HN) Insurance Medical Services 2023 — Kerala PSC PYQ Practice with Answers

Correct answer (Option B):\nThe primary objective of community health practice is to improve the health status of a population. This involves decreasing mortality rates (death rates), increasing the average lifespan, and enhancing physical, mental, and social well-being. Increasing the morbidity rate means increasing the rate of disease or illness within a population, which directly contradicts the goals of public health.\n\nWhy others are wrong:\nOption A is a core goal since public health aims to reduce deaths. Option C is a vital objective as preventative care increases life expectancy. Option D aligns with the World Health Organization's definition of health.\n\nStudy tip:\nMorbidity refers to the state of being diseased or unhealthy, whereas mortality refers to death. Public health practices always strive to decrease both metrics.

Correct answer (Option C):\nThe National Health Policy (NHP) of India was first formulated in the year 1983. Its primary aim was to achieve the goal of 'Health for All' by the year 2000 AD through a network of primary health care services. This landmark policy laid down specific parameters for expanding healthcare infrastructure across rural areas.\n\nWhy others are wrong:\nOptions A, B, and D do not represent the launch years of any formal primary National Health Policy document in India. The policy was subsequently updated later in 2002 and 2017.\n\nRemember:\nIndia's first National Health Policy was approved in 1983. The latest updated National Health Policy was launched in 2017.

Correct answer (Option B):\nA Primary Health Centre (PHC) in India is designed to cover a population of 20,000 in hilly, tribal, or backward desert areas, and 30,000 populations in plains areas. It acts as a referral unit for 6 Sub-Centres and handles preventative, promotive, and curative healthcare functions.\n\nWhy others are wrong:\nOption A represents the population standard for a Sub-Centre (3,000 to 5,000). Option C represents the population norm for a Community Health Centre (CHC), which ranges from 80,000 to 1,200,000. Option D is an arbitrary range.\n\nRemember:\nSub-Centre population norms: 3,000–5,000.\nPHC population norms: 20,000–30,000.\nCHC population norms: 80,000–1,200,000.

Correct answer (Option D):\nAccredited Social Health Activists (ASHA) workers were introduced in India under the National Rural Health Mission (NRHM), which was launched in 2005. ASHA workers serve as trained female community health activists acting as a critical interface between the community and the public health system.\n\nWhy others are wrong:\nOption A (Reproductive and Child Health Program) focused on maternal and child health frameworks but did not establish ASHAs. Option B (Child Survival and Safe Motherhood) predated NRHM. Option C utilizes Anganwadi Workers (AWW), not ASHA workers.\n\nRemember:\nASHA workers are a key element of the National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) initiated to strengthen rural health delivery systems.

Correct answer (Option D):\nSecondary prevention consists of interventions designed to detect an illness at its earliest stages and treat it promptly before permanent damage occurs. Therefore, early diagnosis and treatment (such as screening programs or regular checkups) serve as the primary modes of intervention for secondary prevention.\n\nWhy others are wrong:\nOptions A and B represent primary prevention, which focuses on preventing disease before it occurs. Option C represents tertiary prevention, which deals with mitigating long-term effects, limiting disability, and rehabilitation.\n\nStudy tip:\nPrimary prevention = Health promotion & Specific protection.\nSecondary prevention = Early diagnosis & Prompt treatment.\nTertiary prevention = Disability limitation & Rehabilitation.