Assistant Professor in Anatomy 2025 — Kerala PSC PYQ Practice with Answers
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Paper details
- Paper code: assistant-professor-in-anatomy-112-2025-ol
- Format: Full previous year paper — PYQ practice with answers
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Preview questions (5)
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Question 1 General Science
All are true about the structure of bone except
Correct answer: B. Bone endosteum is likely to be important in calcium homeostasis because it provides a total surface area of approximately 2.3 m² in an average adult
Correct answer (Option B):\nThe statement in Option B is incorrect because the bone endosteum provides a much larger total surface area than 2.3 m² in an average human adult. The endosteum lines the inner cavities of bone and contains osteogenic cells that play an essential, highly active role in calcium homeostasis. Because of its massive widespread network across all trabeculae and internal canals, its actual functional surface area is significantly higher, making this specific measurement false. Option B is correct.\n\nWhy others are wrong:\nOption A is true because cement lines demarcate the boundaries of osteons, are highly basophilic, and lack canaliculi passing through them. Option C is true because osteoclasts are primarily filled with lysosomes and mitochondria rather than rough endoplasmic reticulum. Option D is true because osteocyte nutrition relies on diffusion through canaliculi, limiting their maximum distance from any functional blood vessel.\n\nStudy tip:\nRemember that osteoclasts reside inside resorption bays called Howship's lacunae. Bone remodelling relies on a delicate physiological balance between osteoblasts and osteoclasts.
Question 2 General Science
The following is not true about the components of the vascular tissue
Correct answer: D. Ryanodine receptors are concerned with the sodium pump
Correct answer (Option D):\nThe statement in Option D is false because Ryanodine receptors (RyRs) are intracellular calcium release channels located on the sarcoplasmic reticulum. They are responsible for releasing calcium ions into the cytosol during excitation-contraction coupling in muscle tissues, not for running the sodium-potassium pump. The sodium pump is driven by Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase proteins. Option D is correct.\n\nWhy others are wrong:\nOption A is a true statement because Weibel-Palade bodies are the storage granules of endothelial cells that contain Von Willebrand factor. Option B is true because pericytes form a characteristic discontinuous layer around capillaries but a highly structured, nearly continuous network around post-capillary venules. Option C is a true anatomical description of corbular sarcoplasmic reticulum layout near Z-discs.\n\nStudy tip:\nWeibel-Palade bodies and their markers are highly useful tools in vascular pathology to confirm the endothelial origin of vascular tumors.
Question 4 General Science
Apocrine sweat glands are located in the following locations except
Correct answer: C. Ala of nose
Correct answer (Option C):\nApocrine sweat glands are completely absent from the ala of the nose. The nose is heavily populated by sebaceous glands and regular eccrine sweat glands instead. Apocrine glands are large, specialized glands restricted to specific anatomical areas such as the axillae, perineum, perianal region, and certain modified mucosal surfaces. Option C is correct.\n\nWhy others are wrong:\nOption A is incorrect because modified apocrine glands (ceruminous glands) are normally present in the external auditory meatus near the tympanic membrane. Option B and Option D are incorrect because the inner preputial surface and clitoris are recognized anatomical locations where specialized apocrine sweat glands reside.\n\nStudy tip:\nRemember that apocrine glands do not open directly onto the skin surface like eccrine glands; they typically empty directly into the hair follicle infundibulum and begin functioning at puberty.
Question 5 General Science
Metachromatic Mast cell granules contain all except
Correct answer: D. Leukotrienes E₄
Correct answer (Option D):\nLeukotrienes (such as Leukotriene E₄) are not preformed or stored inside the metachromatic granules of mast cells. Instead, they are synthesized de novo from membrane arachidonic acid on demand when the mast cell undergoes activation and degranulation. Therefore, they are not structural components of the granules themselves. Option D is correct.\n\nWhy others are wrong:\nOption A is incorrect because Heparin is a highly sulfated glycosaminoglycan stored inside the granules which is directly responsible for their characteristic metachromatic staining properties. Option B and Option C are incorrect because Histamine and Eosinophil Chemotactic Factor of Anaphylaxis (ECF-A) are preformed mediators stored inside these granules.\n\nStudy tip:\nMast cells display metachromasia, which means they can change the color of a dye like toluidine blue from blue to reddish-purple due to the high density of heparin molecules.
Question 6 General Science
Cartilage growth depends mainly on the hypophyseal growth hormone somatotropin. This hormone does not act directly on cartilage cells but promotes the synthesis of somatomedin C from which of the following anatomical resources?
Correct answer: C. Liver
Correct answer (Option C):\nGrowth hormone (somatotropin) secreted by the anterior pituitary stimulates the liver to synthesize and secrete somatomedins, primarily somatomedin C (also known as Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 or IGF-1). It is this hepatic hormone that acts directly on target tissues like epiphyseal cartilage to promote linear skeletal growth. Option C is correct.\n\nWhy others are wrong:\nOption A is incorrect because orangeophils (acidophils) are the cells that manufacture and release growth hormone itself, not somatomedin C. Option B is incorrect because C cells are located in the thyroid gland (not parathyroid) and secrete calcitonin. Option D is incorrect because epsilon cells of the pancreas secrete ghrelin.\n\nStudy tip:\nRemember that somatotropin requires hepatic conversion to IGF-1 to perform its anabolic actions on peripheral bone and cartilage development.
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